REVIEW: POTENSI KAYU MANIS SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES
Abstract
Cinnamon has long been used in traditional medicine and is gaining increasing attention in modern scientific circles due to its bioactive compounds, such as cinnamaldehyde, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which play a role in antihyperglycemic effects and improving insulin sensitivity. Several clinical trials have shown that cinnamon supplementation (1–6 grams per day for 8–16 weeks) can reduce fasting blood glucose levels by 10–29 mg/dL and HbA1c by 0.4–0.7% in patients with type 2 diabetes.This study aims to evaluate the potential of cinnamon as an antidiabetic agent by reviewing scientific evidence related to its mechanism of action, effectiveness, and safety of long-term consumption. A literature search was conducted through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “Cinnamon” AND “Antidiabetes” for articles published in the period 2003–2023. The included articles included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial experimental studies, while review articles and meta-analyses were excluded. A total of 30 articles that met the criteria were analyzed descriptively.The review results suggest that cinnamon works through the mechanism of inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase and increasing insulin sensitivity, which contribute to lower blood glucose and HbA1c levels. However, heterogeneity in the type of cinnamon used, variation in dosage, method of consumption, and the lack of long-term studies on its safety are limitations that need to be considered. Therefore, further research is needed, especially large-scale clinical trials with longer duration, to confirm the efficacy and safety of cinnamon in the management of diabetes.
References
Alusinsing, G. (2014). Uji Efektivitas Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanii) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Sukrosa, Jurnal Ilmiah Pharmacon, 3(3):273-278.
Emilda, E. (2018). Efek Senyawa Bioaktif Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanii Nees ex. Bl.) Terhadap diabetes melitus. Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 5(1), 246-252.
Gusti, F. R. R. (2018). Pengaruh Bubuk Kulit Manis (Cinnamomun Burmani) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 9(2):48-56.
Harahap, M. P. M., & Subeki, S. (2022). An Antidiabetic Activities Of Cinnamon Extract In Mice By The Method Of Induction Of Alloxane. Jurnal Pengembangan Agroindustri Terapan, 1(1):31-36.
Indarto, I., Isnanto, T., Muyassaroh, F., & Putri, I. (2022). Efektivitas Kombinasi Ekstrak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmannii) Dan Mikroalga (Haematococcus Pluvialis) Sebagai Krim Tabir Surya: Formulasi, Uji In Vitro, dan In Vivo. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, 12(1):11- 24.
Istyawati, R. C., Qurrohman, M. T., Bagusta, A. R., Sapalma, K. W., & Lestari, N. T. (2023). Pemanfaatan Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Verum) Untuk Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah. Jurnal Pengemas Kesehatan, 2(1):33-38.
Khan, A., Safdar, M., Ali Khan, M. M., Khattak, K. N., & Anderson, R. A. (2003). Cinnamon Improves Glucose And Lipids Of People With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 26(12):3215-3218.
Kurniawati, D., Amelia, D., & Rani, D. (2022). Pemberian Serbuk Kulit Kayu Manis Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Lansia Dengan Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Kesehatan Mercusuar, 5(1):1-5.
Maulana, F., & Safithri, M. (2022). Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Antidiabetes In Vitro Ekstrak Air Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmannii) Asal Kota Jambi. Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati, 8(2):42-48.
Mawali, D. E., Choesrina, R., & Mulqie, L. (2023). Uji Antidiabetes Ekstrak Kulit Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume) dengan Metode Resistensi Insulin pada Mencit Swiss Webster Jantan yang Diinduksi Emulsi Tinggi Lemak. In Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy. 305-314.
Medagama, A. B. (2015). The glycaemic outcomes of Cinnamon, a Review Of The Experimental Evidence And Clinical Trials. Nutrition Journal, 14(1):108-113.
Milindasari, P., & Juniah, J. (2021). Studi Literatur: Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Kayu Manis Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan, 15(4):624-631.
Munawaroh, A., & Arianti, V. (2023). Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Farmasi Poltekkes Hermina Tentang Pemanfaatan Tanaman Kayu Manis Sebagai Antidiabetes. Jurnal Mahasiswa Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(3):163-170.
Munthe, R. M. I. (2021). Potensi Kayu Manis sebagai Antidiabetik. Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, 3(2):303-310.
Novendy, N., Budi, E., Kurniadi, B. A., Chananta, T. J., Lontoh, S. O., & Tirtasari, S. (2020). Efektivitas Pemberian Kayu Manis Dalam Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Setelah 2 Jam Pemberian. Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan, 4(2), 433-441.
Putri, S., & Indah, N. (2018). Kajian Potensi Kayu Manis dan Teh sebagai Pangan Antidiabetes. Jurnal Kesehatan, 9(3):485-497.
Ranasinghe, P., Galappaththy, P., Constantine, G. R., Jayawardena, R., Weeratunga, H. D., Premakumara, S., & Katulanda, P. (2017). Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon) As A Potential Pharmaceutical Agent For Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial. Trials, 18(1):1-8.
Rosa, R., Usman, H., & Desra, A. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanii). Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Obat Tradisional, 2(1):151-158.
Roswiem, A. P., Anggriawan, M. B., & Nurcholis, W. (2015). Potensi Ekstrak Air dan Etanol Kulit Batang Kayu Manis Padang (Cinnamomum Burmanii) Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim A-Glukosidase. Jurnal Kedokteran, 23(2):91-102.
Safitri, M. I., Nurdiansyah, T. E., & Anita, F. (2023). Pengaruh Rebusan Kayu Manis Kombinasi Madu terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II di Puskesmas Ketapang Kabupaten Lampung Utara Tahun 2023. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(3):23976-23986.
Sari, N., Winahyu, D. A., Dumaika, D., & Azizah, N. N. (2023). Pengaruh Kayu Manis (Cinnamomun cassia) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Kesehatan, 16(1):1-6.
Sartika, D., Rahmi, M., Novelni, R., & Adilla, F. (2023). Efektivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanni) Pada Mencit Putih Jantan. Jurnal Katalisator, 8(1):77-84.
Silva, M. L., Bernardo, M. A., Singh, J., & de Mesquita, M. F. (2022). Cinnamon As A Complementary Therapeutic Approach For Dysglycemia And Dyslipidemia Control In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Its Molecular Mechanism Of Action: A Review. Nutrients, 14(13), 2773-2777.
Stevens, N., & Allred, K. (2022). Antidiabetic Potential Of Volatile Cinnamon Oil: A Review And Exploration Of Mechanisms Using In Silico Molecular Docking Simulations. Molecules, 27(3), 853-857.
Syafriani, S., & Verawati, B. (2017). Pengaruh Ekstrak Kayu Manis Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Dm Tipe II Di Desa Kumantan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bangkinang Kota. Jurnal Ners, 1(2):90-95.
Tauhid, I. S., Arsal, A. F., Syamsu, R. F., Nasruddin, H., Bima, I. H., & Sujuthi, A. R. (2022). Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomun Burmanii) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Mencit (Mus Musculus). Fakumi Medical Journal: 2(2):59-67.
Wati, L., & Angriani, R. (2017). Pengaruh Air Kayu Manis Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus di Kampung Bugis. Jurnal Keperawatan, 7(2):74-82.
Yuniarti, E., Syamsurizal, S., Ahda, Y., & Sonata, P. D. (2018). Correlation of Fasting Blood Glucose With IL-6 Levels in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Ethnic Minangkabau. Bioscience, 2(1):11-21.
Zhou, Q., Lei, X., Fu, S., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Long, C., & Chen, Q. (2022). Efficacy Of Cinnamon Supplementation On Glycolipid Metabolism In T2DM Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review. Frontiers in Physiology, 13(1).
