AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI DAN FITOKIMIA AKAR, TANGKAI DAUN, BUAH, DAN BIJI AREN (Arenga pinnata) : REVIEW TANAMAN OBAT
Abstrak
The palm tree is a tree originating from Southeast Asia which belongs to the Aracecae family. Sugar palm is a plant that can be used to treat diseases. Palm fruit is rich in fiber (16.2%), protein (10.0%), minerals (7.9%), and (1.5%) fat. Roots, petioles, fruit, and palm seeds have pharmacological activity. According to several previous studies, palm root has activity as a diuretic. Then the palm leaf stalk has activity as a sunscreen. In addition, palm fruit seeds have antimicrobial activity and palm fruit itself has antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiphotoaging activities.
Referensi
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Alge-Priglinger, CS., Kreutzer, T., Obholzer, K., Wolf, A., Mempel, M., Kernt, M., Kampik, A., Priglinger, SG. Oxidative stress-mediated induction of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in human RPE cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009; 50(11): 5495-5503. Doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-3193.
Alkandahri, MY., Nisriadi, L., and Salim, E. Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Castanopsis costata Leaves. Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research. 2016; 1(3): 98-102.
Alkandahri, MY., Berbudi, A., and Subarnas, A. Active Compounds and Antimalaria Properties of some Medicinal Plants in Indonesia – A Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 2018; 9(1): 64-69.
Alkandahri MY, Subarnas A, Berbudi A. Review: Aktivitas immunomodulator tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees). Farmaka. 2018;16(3):16- 21.
Alkandahri, MY., Siahaan PN., Salim, E., and Fatimah, C. AntiInflammatory Activity of Cep-cepan Leaves (Castanopsis costata (Blume) A.DC). International Journal of Current Medical Sciences. 2018; 8(4A): 424-429.
Alkandahri, MY., Berbudi, A., Utami, NV., and Subarnas, A. Antimalarial Activity of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata (Blume) A.DC. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2019; 9(5): 474-481.
Alkandahri, MY., Maulana, YE., Subarnas, A., Kwarteng, A., and Berbudi, A. Antimalarial Activity of Extract and Fractions of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2020; 12(1): 1435-1441.
Alkandahri, MY., Kusumawati, AH., and Fikayuniar, L. Antibacterial Activity of Zingiber officinale Rhizome. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 2020; 24(7): 3702- 3706.
Alkandahri, MY., Patala, R., Pratiwi, MI., Agustina, LS., Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Hidayah, H., Amal, S., and Frianto, D. Pharmacological Studies of Durio Zibethinus: A Medicinal Plant Review. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021; 25(4): 640-646.
Alkandahri, MY., Shafirany, MZ., Rusdin, A., Agustina, LS., Pangaribuan, F., Fitrianti, F., Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Sugiharta, S., Arfania, M., and Mardiana, LA. Amomum compactum: A Review of Pharmacological Studies. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. 2021; 22(33&34): 61-69.
Alkandahri, MY., Sujana, D., Hasyim, DM., Shafirany, MZ., Sulastri, L., Arfania, M., Frianto, D., Farhamzah., Kusumawati, AH., and Yuniarsih, N. Antidiabetic Activity of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata Leaves on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2021; 13(6)Suppl: 1589- 1593.
Arief, DA., Sangi, MS., Kamu, VS. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Biji Aren (Arenga pinnata MERR.). Jurnal Mipa Unsrat Online. 2017; 6(2): 12-15 https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.6.2.2017.16928.
Dahlia, AA., Ahmad, AR., Wahid, M. Extraction Of Color Pigment And Determination Of Flavonoid Content Of Andong Leaves (Cordyline fruticosa L.) Source Makassar City. Journal of Biologicaland Scientific. 2013; 1(4): 294-296. DOI: 10.7897/2321–6328.01401.
Elya, B., Puspitasari, N., Sudarmin, AC. Antioxidant Activity And Inhibition Of Lipoxygenase Activity Ethanol Extract Of Endosperm Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2017; 10(5): 76-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s5.23102.
Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Alkandahri, MY., Hidayah, H., Sujana, D., Gunarti, NS., Yuniarsih, N., Apriana, SD., and Agustina, LS. Sun Protection Factor Activity of Black Glutinous Rice Emulgel Extract (Oryza sativa var glutinosa. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. 2022; 56(1): 302- 310.
Gunawan, R., Mustofa, K. Finding Knowledge from Indonesian Traditional Medicine using Semantic Web Rule Language. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering. 2017; 7(6): 3674-3682. DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v7i6.
Hendra, R., Ahmad, S., Sukari, A., Shukor, MS., Oskoueian, E. Flavonoid Analyses and Antimicrobial Activity of Various Parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(6): 3422-3431. DOI: 10.3390/ijms12063422.
Houglum, JE., Herrelson, GL., Leaver-Dunn, D. 2005. Principles of pharmacology for Atheleti Trainers. United State: Slak incorporated.
Hussin, ASM., Sapawi, CWNSCW., Anzian, A., Ramli, HB. Aqueous Extraction, Purification and Characterization of Galactomannans from Aren Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fruits. 2017; 7(4): 1148-1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.7.4.1760.
Istriningsih, E., Solikhati, DIK. Aktivitas Antidiabetik Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.) Pada Zebrafish (Danio Rerio). 2021. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi. 2020; 10(1): 60-65.
ITIS [Integrated Taxonomy Information System]. 2010. Taxonomic Hierarchy : Arenga pinnata. https://www.itis.gov/. [22 Maret 2021].
Kaban, J., Reveny, J., Tarigan, J., Zebua, NF. Sulfation Of Palm Seed (Arenga Pinnata Merr.) Galactomannan: Antimicrobial Activity And Toxicity Test. Rasayan J.Chem. 2018; 11(1): 294-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/RJC.2018.1112039.
Kusumawati, AH., Farhamzah, F., Alkandahri, MY., Sadino, A., Agustina, LS., and Apriana, SD. Antioxidant Activity and Sun Protection Factor of Black Glutinous Rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa). Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research. 2021; 5(11): 1958-1961.
Lee, HJ., Im, AR., Kim, SM., Kang, HS., Lee, JD., Chae, S. The flavonoid hesperidin exerts anti-photoaging effect by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression via mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent signaling pathways. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018; 18(39): 1-9. DOI 10.1186/s12906-017-2058-8
Maretha, DE., Hapida, Y., Nugroho, YAT. 2020. Modul Pengayaan Tanaman Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Menjadi Gula Semut. Palembang: NoerFikri.
Neal, MJ. 2006. At a Galance Farnakologi Medis Edisi Kelima. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Nurfitriah SF., Jayanti K., Putri BA., Trisnawati T, Putri R., Oktavia SS, et al. Aktivitas Antipiretik dari Beberapa Senyawa Aktif. Jurnal Buana Farma: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 2021; 1(3): 14-20.
Nurihardayanti., Yuliet., Ihwan. Diuretic Aktivity Of Seed Extract Combination Of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) And Snake Fruid (Salacca Zalacca Varietas Zalacca (Gaert.)Voss) In Wistar Strain Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus L.). GALENIKA Journal of Pharmacy. 2015; 1(2): 105-112.
Purwanto, D., Bahri, S., Ridhay, A. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Purnajiwa (Kopsia Arborea Blume.) Dengan Berbagai Pelarut. Jurnal Riset Kimia. 2017; 3(1): 24-32.
Rafieian-kopaei, R., Shakiba, A., Sedighi, M., dan Bahmani, M. The Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Linum usitassimum in Balb/c Mice. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 22(4): 892-896. DOI: 10.1177/2156587217717416
Riyanti, S., Murniati., Andini, MD., Halim, M., Lestari, T., Apriyanti, I., et al. 2014. FARMAKOLOGI Kelas X. Jakarta: Pilar Utama Mandiri.
Sadiyah, ER., Sakti, ERE., Ratnasari, I. Sunscreen Activity Of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Leaf Stalk Ashes Extract. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasyifa. 2019; 2(1): 62-70.
Sahari, J., Sapuan, SM., Zainudin, ES., Maleque, MA. Physico-chemical and Thermal Properties of Starch Derived from Sugar Palm Tree (Arenga pinnata). Asian Journal of Chemistry. 2014; 26(4): 955-959. DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.15652.
Sahil, K., Sudeep, B., Akanksha, M. Standardization of medicinal plant materials. International Journal of Research in Ayurverda & Pharmacy. 2011; 2(4): 1100-1109.
Sangi, MS., Momuat, LI., Kumaunang, M. Uji Toksisitas Dan Skrining Fitokimia Tepung Gabah Pelepah Aren (Arenga Pinnata). Jurnal Ilmiah Sains. 2012; 12(2): 127-134. https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.12.2.2012.716
Shafirany, MZ., Indawati, I., Sulastri, L., Sadino, A., Kusumawati, AH., and Alkandahri, MY. Antioxidant Activity of Red and Purple Rosella Flower Petals Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021; 33(46B): 186-192.
Shakya, AK. Medicinal plants: Future source of new drug. International Journal of Herbal Medicine. 2016; 4(4): 59-64.
Soejanto, AS. Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Metanolik Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum) Menghambat Penurunan Jumlah Kolagen Dermis Kulit Mencit (Mus gusculus) Yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B. E-JURNAL Indonesian Journal of Anti Aging Medicine. 2017; 1(1): 1-9.
Sovia, E., dan Anggraeny, D. Sugar Palm Fruits (Arenga Pinnata) as Potential Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Agent. Journal Molecular and Cellular Blomedical Sciences. 2019; 3(2):107-114. DOI: 10.21705/mbcs.v3i2.63.
Sukmawati., Emelda, A., Astriani, YR. Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) sebagai Antidiabetes Oral pada Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus). Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia. 2018. 4(1): 17-22.
Tarigan, JB., Barus, DA., Dalimunthe, A., Perangin-Angin, S., Nguyen, TT. Physicochemical properties of Arenga pinnata Merr. endosperm and its antidiabetic activity for nutraceutical application. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research. 2020; 11(1): 1-5. DOI: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_91_19
Wakefield, G., Lipscomb, S., Holland, E., Knowland, J. The Effects Of Manganese Doping On UVA Absorption And Free Radical Generation Of Micronised Titanium Dioxide And Its Consequences For The Photostability Of UVA Absorbing Organic Sunscreen Components. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2004; 3(7): 648-652. DOI: 10.1039/b403697b.
Wijaya, L., Saleh, I., Theodorus., Salni. Efek Antiinflamasi Fraksi Daun Andong (Cordyline Fruticosa L) Pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Spraque Dawley. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia. 2015; 1(1): 16-24.
Yanti, AR., Pertiwi, RD., Rakhmawati, I., Utami, TP. In-vitro and in-vivo Sunscreen Activity of Active Compounds Isolated from Fruits of Phaleria marcocarpha (Scheff.) Boerl. Journal of Young Pharmacists. 2018; 10(2): 106-110. DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2018.2s.21
Yanti., Madriena., Ali., S. Cosmeceutical Effects of Galactomannan Fraction from Arenga pinnata Fruits In vitro. Pharmacognosy Research. 2017; 9(1): 34-45. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.199773.
Yuda, PESK., Setiawati, NMW., Dewi, NLKAA., Sanjaya, DA., Cahyaningsih, E. Aktivitas Analgesik Ekstrak Daun Liligundi (Vitex Trifolia L.) Pada Mencit. Jurnal Farmasains. 2019; 6(2): 73-78. DOI: 10.22236/farmasains.v6i2.5135
Zainudin, A., Hasanah, U., Pemana, YR. Uji Aktivitas Diuretik Ekstrak Akar Aren (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Terhadap Tikus Putih Galur Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Dengan Pembanding Furosemid. Jurnal Kesehatan Prima. 2015; 9(1): 1403-1411.
Zheng, L., Bae, YM., Jung, KS., Heu, S., Lee, Y. Antimicrobial activity of natural antimicrobial substances against spoilage bacteria isolated from fresh produce. Food Control. 2013; 32(2): 665-672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.009.
Alge-Priglinger, CS., Kreutzer, T., Obholzer, K., Wolf, A., Mempel, M., Kernt, M., Kampik, A., Priglinger, SG. Oxidative stress-mediated induction of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in human RPE cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009; 50(11): 5495-5503. Doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-3193.
Alkandahri, MY., Nisriadi, L., and Salim, E. Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Castanopsis costata Leaves. Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research. 2016; 1(3): 98-102.
Alkandahri, MY., Berbudi, A., and Subarnas, A. Active Compounds and Antimalaria Properties of some Medicinal Plants in Indonesia – A Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 2018; 9(1): 64-69.
Alkandahri MY, Subarnas A, Berbudi A. Review: Aktivitas immunomodulator tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees). Farmaka. 2018;16(3):16- 21.
Alkandahri, MY., Siahaan PN., Salim, E., and Fatimah, C. AntiInflammatory Activity of Cep-cepan Leaves (Castanopsis costata (Blume) A.DC). International Journal of Current Medical Sciences. 2018; 8(4A): 424-429.
Alkandahri, MY., Berbudi, A., Utami, NV., and Subarnas, A. Antimalarial Activity of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata (Blume) A.DC. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 2019; 9(5): 474-481.
Alkandahri, MY., Maulana, YE., Subarnas, A., Kwarteng, A., and Berbudi, A. Antimalarial Activity of Extract and Fractions of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2020; 12(1): 1435-1441.
Alkandahri, MY., Kusumawati, AH., and Fikayuniar, L. Antibacterial Activity of Zingiber officinale Rhizome. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 2020; 24(7): 3702- 3706.
Alkandahri, MY., Patala, R., Pratiwi, MI., Agustina, LS., Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Hidayah, H., Amal, S., and Frianto, D. Pharmacological Studies of Durio Zibethinus: A Medicinal Plant Review. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021; 25(4): 640-646.
Alkandahri, MY., Shafirany, MZ., Rusdin, A., Agustina, LS., Pangaribuan, F., Fitrianti, F., Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Sugiharta, S., Arfania, M., and Mardiana, LA. Amomum compactum: A Review of Pharmacological Studies. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. 2021; 22(33&34): 61-69.
Alkandahri, MY., Sujana, D., Hasyim, DM., Shafirany, MZ., Sulastri, L., Arfania, M., Frianto, D., Farhamzah., Kusumawati, AH., and Yuniarsih, N. Antidiabetic Activity of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata Leaves on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2021; 13(6)Suppl: 1589- 1593.
Arief, DA., Sangi, MS., Kamu, VS. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Biji Aren (Arenga pinnata MERR.). Jurnal Mipa Unsrat Online. 2017; 6(2): 12-15 https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.6.2.2017.16928.
Dahlia, AA., Ahmad, AR., Wahid, M. Extraction Of Color Pigment And Determination Of Flavonoid Content Of Andong Leaves (Cordyline fruticosa L.) Source Makassar City. Journal of Biologicaland Scientific. 2013; 1(4): 294-296. DOI: 10.7897/2321–6328.01401.
Elya, B., Puspitasari, N., Sudarmin, AC. Antioxidant Activity And Inhibition Of Lipoxygenase Activity Ethanol Extract Of Endosperm Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2017; 10(5): 76-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s5.23102.
Farhamzah, Kusumawati, AH., Alkandahri, MY., Hidayah, H., Sujana, D., Gunarti, NS., Yuniarsih, N., Apriana, SD., and Agustina, LS. Sun Protection Factor Activity of Black Glutinous Rice Emulgel Extract (Oryza sativa var glutinosa. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. 2022; 56(1): 302- 310.
Gunawan, R., Mustofa, K. Finding Knowledge from Indonesian Traditional Medicine using Semantic Web Rule Language. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering. 2017; 7(6): 3674-3682. DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v7i6.
Hendra, R., Ahmad, S., Sukari, A., Shukor, MS., Oskoueian, E. Flavonoid Analyses and Antimicrobial Activity of Various Parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12(6): 3422-3431. DOI: 10.3390/ijms12063422.
Houglum, JE., Herrelson, GL., Leaver-Dunn, D. 2005. Principles of pharmacology for Atheleti Trainers. United State: Slak incorporated.
Hussin, ASM., Sapawi, CWNSCW., Anzian, A., Ramli, HB. Aqueous Extraction, Purification and Characterization of Galactomannans from Aren Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fruits. 2017; 7(4): 1148-1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.7.4.1760.
Istriningsih, E., Solikhati, DIK. Aktivitas Antidiabetik Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.) Pada Zebrafish (Danio Rerio). 2021. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi. 2020; 10(1): 60-65.
ITIS [Integrated Taxonomy Information System]. 2010. Taxonomic Hierarchy : Arenga pinnata. https://www.itis.gov/. [22 Maret 2021].
Kaban, J., Reveny, J., Tarigan, J., Zebua, NF. Sulfation Of Palm Seed (Arenga Pinnata Merr.) Galactomannan: Antimicrobial Activity And Toxicity Test. Rasayan J.Chem. 2018; 11(1): 294-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/RJC.2018.1112039.
Kusumawati, AH., Farhamzah, F., Alkandahri, MY., Sadino, A., Agustina, LS., and Apriana, SD. Antioxidant Activity and Sun Protection Factor of Black Glutinous Rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa). Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research. 2021; 5(11): 1958-1961.
Lee, HJ., Im, AR., Kim, SM., Kang, HS., Lee, JD., Chae, S. The flavonoid hesperidin exerts anti-photoaging effect by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression via mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent signaling pathways. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018; 18(39): 1-9. DOI 10.1186/s12906-017-2058-8
Maretha, DE., Hapida, Y., Nugroho, YAT. 2020. Modul Pengayaan Tanaman Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Menjadi Gula Semut. Palembang: NoerFikri.
Neal, MJ. 2006. At a Galance Farnakologi Medis Edisi Kelima. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Nurfitriah SF., Jayanti K., Putri BA., Trisnawati T, Putri R., Oktavia SS, et al. Aktivitas Antipiretik dari Beberapa Senyawa Aktif. Jurnal Buana Farma: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 2021; 1(3): 14-20.
Nurihardayanti., Yuliet., Ihwan. Diuretic Aktivity Of Seed Extract Combination Of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) And Snake Fruid (Salacca Zalacca Varietas Zalacca (Gaert.)Voss) In Wistar Strain Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus L.). GALENIKA Journal of Pharmacy. 2015; 1(2): 105-112.
Purwanto, D., Bahri, S., Ridhay, A. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Purnajiwa (Kopsia Arborea Blume.) Dengan Berbagai Pelarut. Jurnal Riset Kimia. 2017; 3(1): 24-32.
Rafieian-kopaei, R., Shakiba, A., Sedighi, M., dan Bahmani, M. The Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Linum usitassimum in Balb/c Mice. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 22(4): 892-896. DOI: 10.1177/2156587217717416
Riyanti, S., Murniati., Andini, MD., Halim, M., Lestari, T., Apriyanti, I., et al. 2014. FARMAKOLOGI Kelas X. Jakarta: Pilar Utama Mandiri.
Sadiyah, ER., Sakti, ERE., Ratnasari, I. Sunscreen Activity Of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Leaf Stalk Ashes Extract. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasyifa. 2019; 2(1): 62-70.
Sahari, J., Sapuan, SM., Zainudin, ES., Maleque, MA. Physico-chemical and Thermal Properties of Starch Derived from Sugar Palm Tree (Arenga pinnata). Asian Journal of Chemistry. 2014; 26(4): 955-959. DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.15652.
Sahil, K., Sudeep, B., Akanksha, M. Standardization of medicinal plant materials. International Journal of Research in Ayurverda & Pharmacy. 2011; 2(4): 1100-1109.
Sangi, MS., Momuat, LI., Kumaunang, M. Uji Toksisitas Dan Skrining Fitokimia Tepung Gabah Pelepah Aren (Arenga Pinnata). Jurnal Ilmiah Sains. 2012; 12(2): 127-134. https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.12.2.2012.716
Shafirany, MZ., Indawati, I., Sulastri, L., Sadino, A., Kusumawati, AH., and Alkandahri, MY. Antioxidant Activity of Red and Purple Rosella Flower Petals Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021; 33(46B): 186-192.
Shakya, AK. Medicinal plants: Future source of new drug. International Journal of Herbal Medicine. 2016; 4(4): 59-64.
Soejanto, AS. Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Metanolik Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum) Menghambat Penurunan Jumlah Kolagen Dermis Kulit Mencit (Mus gusculus) Yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B. E-JURNAL Indonesian Journal of Anti Aging Medicine. 2017; 1(1): 1-9.
Sovia, E., dan Anggraeny, D. Sugar Palm Fruits (Arenga Pinnata) as Potential Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Agent. Journal Molecular and Cellular Blomedical Sciences. 2019; 3(2):107-114. DOI: 10.21705/mbcs.v3i2.63.
Sukmawati., Emelda, A., Astriani, YR. Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) sebagai Antidiabetes Oral pada Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus). Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia. 2018. 4(1): 17-22.
Tarigan, JB., Barus, DA., Dalimunthe, A., Perangin-Angin, S., Nguyen, TT. Physicochemical properties of Arenga pinnata Merr. endosperm and its antidiabetic activity for nutraceutical application. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research. 2020; 11(1): 1-5. DOI: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_91_19
Wakefield, G., Lipscomb, S., Holland, E., Knowland, J. The Effects Of Manganese Doping On UVA Absorption And Free Radical Generation Of Micronised Titanium Dioxide And Its Consequences For The Photostability Of UVA Absorbing Organic Sunscreen Components. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2004; 3(7): 648-652. DOI: 10.1039/b403697b.
Wijaya, L., Saleh, I., Theodorus., Salni. Efek Antiinflamasi Fraksi Daun Andong (Cordyline Fruticosa L) Pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Spraque Dawley. Biomedical Journal of Indonesia. 2015; 1(1): 16-24.
Yanti, AR., Pertiwi, RD., Rakhmawati, I., Utami, TP. In-vitro and in-vivo Sunscreen Activity of Active Compounds Isolated from Fruits of Phaleria marcocarpha (Scheff.) Boerl. Journal of Young Pharmacists. 2018; 10(2): 106-110. DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2018.2s.21
Yanti., Madriena., Ali., S. Cosmeceutical Effects of Galactomannan Fraction from Arenga pinnata Fruits In vitro. Pharmacognosy Research. 2017; 9(1): 34-45. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.199773.
Yuda, PESK., Setiawati, NMW., Dewi, NLKAA., Sanjaya, DA., Cahyaningsih, E. Aktivitas Analgesik Ekstrak Daun Liligundi (Vitex Trifolia L.) Pada Mencit. Jurnal Farmasains. 2019; 6(2): 73-78. DOI: 10.22236/farmasains.v6i2.5135
Zainudin, A., Hasanah, U., Pemana, YR. Uji Aktivitas Diuretik Ekstrak Akar Aren (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Terhadap Tikus Putih Galur Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Dengan Pembanding Furosemid. Jurnal Kesehatan Prima. 2015; 9(1): 1403-1411.
Zheng, L., Bae, YM., Jung, KS., Heu, S., Lee, Y. Antimicrobial activity of natural antimicrobial substances against spoilage bacteria isolated from fresh produce. Food Control. 2013; 32(2): 665-672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.009.
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2022-09-28
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