ANALISIS EFEK SAMPING JANGKA PANJANG PENGGUNAAN ANTASIDA KALSIUM KARBONAT: NARRATIVE REVIEW

Heri Ridwan; Arvi Aliviani; Ine Febriyanti; Levina Nabila Nathania; Muhammad Gilang Ramadhan; Nur Oktavia Ramadani; Syifa Anisa Maharani

doi:10.36805/jbf.v5i4.1568

Heri Ridwan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Arvi Aliviani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Ine Febriyanti Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Levina Nabila Nathania Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Muhammad Gilang Ramadhan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Nur Oktavia Ramadani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia
Syifa Anisa Maharani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Sumedang, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36805/jbf.v5i4.1568

Keywords: antacids, calcium carbonate, hypercalcemia, milk alkali syndrome, side effects, long-term

Abstract

The widespread use of calcium carbonate antacids in self-medication is often considered safe, but excessive consumption and long-term use can cause serious side effects that affect various body systems. This study aims to analyze the long-term side effects of calcium carbonate based on the latest scientific evidence. The method used was a narrative review by selecting relevant articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar through inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in six main articles for analysis. The results showed that prolonged use of CaCO₃ can cause progressive hypercalcemia, which has the potential to develop into Milk-Alkali Syndrome, characterized by hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and impaired kidney function. Further complications reported include nephrolithiasis, acute pancreatitis, metabolic disorders, and progressive renal dysfunction. In addition, CaCO₃ is known to interfere with the absorption of various drugs through chelation and changes in gastric pH, thereby potentially reducing the effectiveness of therapy. In conclusion, long-term use of calcium carbonate antacids without adequate monitoring can pose significant health risks, making education and supervision of antacid use essential to prevent toxicity and harmful drug interactions.

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