EKSPLORASI AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMU KUNCI (Boesenbergia rotunda) MELALUI PARAMETER MAKROPATOLOGI ORGAN HATI DAN INDEKS ORGAN PADA MODEL HEPATOTOKSISITAS TIKUS
Abstract
Hati merupakan organ paling berperan dalam mayoritas sistem metabolisme pada tubuh. Metabolisme N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) memiliki metabolit reaktif N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) yang dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya antioksidan glutation hati serta disfungsi mitokondria dan mengakibatkan meningkatnya jumlah radikal bebas dihati, yang pada akhirnya akan merusakkan hati. Antioksidan dibutuhkan guna meminimalisir radikal bebas. Rimpang temu kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf) mengandung metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid yang diketahui memiliki sifat antioksidan sehingga rimpang temu kunci memiliki potensi untuk melindungi hati dari kerusakkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas hepatoprotektif ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci terhadap tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi dengan APAP.
Tikus putih jantan sebanyak 24 ekor digunakan pada penelitian ini, tikus dibagi dalam 6 kelompok perlakuan yakni kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol negatif diberi CMC-Na 0,5%, kelompok uji diberi ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci (EERTK) dosis 250, 500 serta 750 mg/kgBB dan kelompok kontrol positif diberi asetilsistein 200 mg. Selama 10 hari berturut-turut. Pada hari kesepuluh diinduksi dengan APAP 800 mg/kgBB secara oral. Setelah 16 jam, dilakukan pembedahan dan pengambilan organ hati. Organ hati untuk pengukuran indeks relatif organ dan makropatologi organ hati. Data dianalisis menggunakan one way-ANOVA lalu dilanjutkan Post Hoc Turkey HSD. Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa pretreatmen dengan EERTK secara signifikan menyebabkan indeks relatif organ hati menurun akibat dari pemberian EERTK, disisi lain EERTK juga memperbaiki makropatologi organ hati.
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