Techno-Economic Analysis of On-Grid Solar Power Plants for Tulungagung Hydropower Operational Cost Savings Based on Production and Load Data

Authors

  • Syaifuddin Universitas Negeri Malang , Power Plant Engineering Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • , Power Plant Engineering Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • , Power Plant Engineering Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • , State University of Malang
  • , Power Plant Engineering Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • , Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang
  • , PT PLN Nusantara Power

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36805/jtmmx.v6i1.10081

Keywords:

Cost savings, HOMER, On-grid solar power plant, Tulungagung hydropower plant, Techno-economy

Abstract

The increasing energy demand and environmental challenges have accelerated the global shift toward renewable energy, with Indonesia possessing a substantial solar potential of 3,294 GW. This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of a 40.9 kWp On-Grid Solar Power Plant  as a supplementary energy source to reduce operational costs at the Tulungagung Hydropower Plant. A techno-economic analysis was conducted using 2024 solar PV production data from the ShinePhone application and the Tulungagung Hydropower business daily report, complemented by simulations from the Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) to identify optimal system configurations. The actual solar power plant generated 52,499.9 kWh/year, contributing 15.66% of the plant's operational load of 335,150.71 kWh and resulting in annual cost savings of IDR 58,523,260, based on a PLN tariff of IDR 1,114.74/kWh. In comparison, HOMER simulations projected a higher generation of 74,265 kWh/year, with a net present cost (NPC) of IDR 6,461,879,000 and a cost of energy (COE) of IDR 1,142.36. While the PLTS has proven technically and economically viable as a complementary energy source, its current capacity remains insufficient to fully meet the hydropower plant's operational load, indicating the need for further system optimization and potential integration of energy storage solutions.

References

V. Dwisari, S. Sudarti, and Y. Yushardi, “Pemanfaatan energi matahari: masa depan energi terbarukan,” Opt. J. Pendidik. Fis., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 376–384, 2023.

A. Kharisma, S. Pinandita, and A. E. Jayanti, “Literature Review: Kajian Potensi Energi Surya Alternatif Energi Listrik,” J. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 145–154, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jebt.2024.23956.

I. To and N. The, “Kinerja 20 22,” 2022.

N. C. Rafidanta and C. E. Lusiani, “PENENTUAN LOKASI PABRIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE FACTOR RATING PADA PRA-RANCANGAN PABRIK VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DENGAN KAPASITAS 50.000 TON/TAHUN,” DISTILAT J. Teknol. Separasi, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 655–663, May 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.33795/distilat.v7i2.263.

A. H. Rossoleh, J. Jamaaluddin, I. Sulistiyowati, and S. D. Ayuni, “ANALISA KAPASITAS KEBUTUHAN SISTEM ENERGI LISTRIK PLN DAN PANEL SURYA UNTUK PROSES PEMBUATAN GARAM,” J. Al Ulum LPPM Univ. Al Washliyah Medan, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 95–101, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.47662/alulum.v13i1.862.

Z. Taro, “JESCE (Journal of Electrical and System Control Engineering) Analisis Biaya Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Atap Skala Rumah Tangga Analysis of Household Scale Solar Power Plant Roof Costs,” Jesce, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 2020, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://ojs.uma.ac.id/index.php/jesce

B. A. Pramudita, B. S. Aprillia, and M. Ramdhani, “Analisis Ekonomi on Grid PLTS untuk Rumah 2200 VA,” J. List. Instrumentasi dan Elektron. Terap., vol. 1, no. 2, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.22146/juliet.v1i2.61879.

A. G. Sutejo, M. N. Farid, and H. Aprillia, “Analisis Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya di Gedung Laboratorium Terpadu Institut Teknologi Kalimantan,” J. Tek. Elektro dan Komputasi, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 86–97, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.32528/elkom.v6i1.8171.

S. Yuwono, D. Diharto, and N. W. Pratama, “Manfaat Pengadaan Panel Surya dengan Menggunakan Metode On Grid,” Energi & Kelistrikan, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 161–171, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.33322/energi.v13i2.1537.

P. S. Harijanto and M. Junus, “Kajian PLTS on-grid pada gedung X Politeknik Negeri Malang untuk melayani beban perkantoran menggunakan perangkat HOMER PRO,” J. ELTEK, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 96–104, Oct. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v19i2.320.

A. G. Hutajulu, M. RT Siregar, and M. P. Pambudi, “RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) ON GRID DI ECOPARK ANCOL,” TESLA J. Tek. Elektro, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 23, Mar. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.24912/tesla.v22i1.7333.

E. P. Aji, P. Wibowo, and J. Windarta, “Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) dengan Sistem On Grid di BPR BKK Mandiraja Cabang Wanayasa Kabupaten Banjarnegara,” J. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 15–27, Mar. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jebt.2022.13158.

Dedi Tri Laksono, Nofri Dodi, Rien Afrianti, and Rajimar Suhal Hasibuan, “Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan PLTS untuk Efisiensi Biaya dan Keberlanjutan Usaha Bubur Bayi Shashi di Bukittinggi,” JPMNT J. Pengabdi. Masy. NIAN TANA, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 136–142, Jul. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.59603/jpmnt.v2i3.512.

M. S. N. REGA, N. SINAGA, and J. WINDARTA, “Perencanaan PLTS Rooftop untuk Kawasan Pabrik Teh PT Pagilaran Batang,” ELKOMIKA J. Tek. Energi Elektr. Tek. Telekomun. Tek. Elektron., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 888, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v9i4.888.

D. Denis, J. Windarta, K. E. Prihantoko, F. R. Miraj, and G. Rahman, “Penerapan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya pada Kelompok Usaha Bersama Rumput Laut di Desa Kemujan Karimunjawa,” J. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jebt.2024.20515.

S. Prayogi, N. I. Pertiwi, and A. M. Rozamuri, “Implemetasi Pembangkt Listrik Tenaga Surya untuk Pengembangan Usaha Kebun Hidroponik PagiFarm,” I-Com: Indonesian Community Journal, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 2969–2979, 2024, http://dx.doi.org/10.70609/icom.v4i4.5797.

I. K. Adi, F. Putra, I. Ayu, D. Giriantari, and I. W. Sukerayasa, “Dan Esdm Provinsi Bali Pasca Terpasang Plts Atap 40 Kwp,” vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 138–147, 2022.

S. Sreenath, K. Sudhakar, A. F. Yusop, E. Solomin, and I. M. Kirpichnikova, “Solar PV energy system in Malaysian airport: Glare analysis, general design and performance assessment,” Energy Reports, vol. 6, pp. 698–712, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.03.015.

P. Gunoto and H. D. Hutapea, “Analisa Daya Pada Panel Surya Di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya Rooftop on Grid Kapasitas 30 Kva Gedung Kantor Pt. Energi Listrik Batam,” Sigma Tek., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 057–069, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.33373/sigmateknika.v5i1.4180.

N. Febriana Pratiwi, A. Pudin, and W. B. Mursanto, “Perancangan plts atap on grid kapasitas 163,8 kwp untuk suplai daya industri tekstil,” Pros. Ind. Res. Work. Natl. Semin., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 13–14, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.polban.ac.id/ojs-3.1.2/proceeding/article/view/4278

D. Octavia, Arvandhi Hutama, Divtara Tampoy, and Rian Cahya Rohmana, “Studi Potensi Plts Atap Di Makassar Untuk Meningkatkan Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan Dan Mengurangi Emisi Karbon,” PETRO J. Ilm. Tek. Perminyakan, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 233–246, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.25105/petro.v12i4.18281.

H. Mubarok, M. B. Frasetyo, and E. Nur’Aini, “Analisis Dampak Perubahan Iklim Terhadap Efisiensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya FTI UII,” Bul. Ilm. Sarj. Tek. Elektro, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 51–61, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.12928/biste.v4i2.6487.

A. Burhandono, J. Windarta, and N. Sinaga, “Perencanaan PLTS Roof Top On-Grid Untuk Gedung Kantor PLTU Amurang Sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Auxiliary Power dan Memperbaiki Nilai Nett Plant Heat Rate Pembangkit,” J. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 61–79, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jebt.2022.13051.

R. P. Dewi, “Perbandingan Energi Luaran Plts Atap Terhadap Konsumsi Energi Skala Rumah Tangga Dengan Daya Listrik 1300 Va,” Power Elektron. J. Orang Elektro, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 251, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.30591/polektro.v12i1.3634.

T. Zulfadli, P. N. Lhokseumawe, and M. Sofyan, “Jurnal Polimesin,” no. January, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v20i2.3068.

P. Harahap, “Pengaruh Temperatur Permukaan Panel Surya Terhadap Daya Yang Dihasilkan Dari Berbagai Jenis Sel Surya,” RELE (Rekayasa Elektr. dan Energi) J. Tek. Elektro, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 73–80, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.30596/rele.v2i2.4420.

R. L. Rajagukguk, D. D. Bangun, D. A. Manurung, D. Kurniawan, and J. A. Purba, “ KAJIAN INVERTER PURE SINE WAVE TERHADAP BEBAN PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA KAPASITAS 100,” SINERGI POLMED: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin, vol. 04, no. 02, pp. 70–78, 2023, https://doi.org/10.51510/sinergipolmed.v4i2.1065.

Z. Arifin et al., “Grid-Connected Hybrid PV-Wind System Simulation in Urban Java,” J. Eur. des Syst. Autom., vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 477–483, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.550406.

D. A. K. Sari, F. D. Wijaya, and H. R. Ali, “Optimization of hybrid power plant system in Enggano Island,” J. Nas. Tek. Elektro dan Teknol. Inf., vol. 11, no. 2, 2022, https://doi.org/10.22146/jnteti.v11i2.3849.

S. D. Prasetyo et al., “Techno-economic assessment of solar power plants on river land in Indonesia using HOMER Pro,” J. Urban Dev. Manag., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 164–175, 2024, http://dx.doi.org/10.56578/judm030302.

S. diah ayu Febriani, “Analisis Tekno Ekonomi Pemasangan PLTS Rooftop On Grid 120 Kw (Studi Kasus PLTS di PT Santinilestari Energi Indonesia),” J. Tek. Terap., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 24–33, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.25047/jteta.v2i2.31.

Downloads

Published

2025-07-07

How to Cite

Techno-Economic Analysis of On-Grid Solar Power Plants for Tulungagung Hydropower Operational Cost Savings Based on Production and Load Data. (2025). Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore, 6(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.36805/jtmmx.v6i1.10081